WAN covers a large geographical area and consists of two or more local area networks (LANs).Circuit switching, message switching and packet switching are types of switching technologies used by WAN.Leased lines are the permanent point-to-point links used for data communication.Circuit switching networks establish a direct physical connection between a sender and a receiver before communication occurs.In message switching, each switch stores the whole message and forwards it to the next switch.Packet switching network transmits messages in the form of packets.The telephone system that uses copper wires to carry analog voice data is called Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN).Multiplexing is the technique that allows the simultaneous transmission of multiple signals across a single data link.
Frame relay is a high performance WAN protocol which operates at the physical and data link layers and uses fiber optic cable and ISDN for digital data transmission.
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